This PRODUCT IS INTENDED AS A RESEARCH CHEMICAL ONLY. This designation allows the use of research chemicals strictly for in vitro testing and laboratory experimentation only. All product information available on this website is for educational purposes only. Bodily introduction of any kind into humans or animals is strictly forbidden by law. This product should only be handled by licensed, qualified professionals. This product is not a drug, food, or cosmetic and may not be misbranded, misused or mislabled as a drug, food or cosmetic.

What Is Fragment 176-191?

Fragment 176-191 (modified version of AOD9604) is a small piece of human growth hormone (hGH) that is sometimes referred to as the “lipolytic fragment.” Fragment 176-191 earned this latter name due to the fact that laboratory research has shown it to enhance fat burning, particularly in mice genetically engineered to produce large fat stores. Fragment 176-191 has been heavily researched in animal models because even while it preserves the fat-burning effects of hGH, it avoids some other effects of its parent protein such as increasing insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels, negatively impacting carbohydrate metabolism, altering insulin sensitivity, increasing long bone growth, and so forth. The targeted effects of fragment 176-191 make it useful for exploring human fat metabolism and may eventually provide the basis for developing anti-obesity medications.

Fragment 176-191 Peptide Structure

Sequence: Tyr-Leu-Arg-Ile-Val-Gln-Cys-Arg-Ser-Val-Glu-Gly-Ser-Cys-Gly-Phe Molecular Formula: C78H125N23O23S2 Molecular Weight: 1817.12 g/mol CAS Number: 66004-57-7

Fragment 176-191 Effects

1. Lowers Blood Sugar

Research in animals has revealed that the c-terminal end of hGH is primarily responsible for the protein’s hypoglycemic (lowering blood sugar) effects. Testing of at least six different fragments derived from this section of hGH has shown that fragment 176-191 is the most effective synthetic derivative of hGH for lowering blood sugar levels. This effect is secondary to a sustained increase in plasma insulin levels. There is some interest in using fragment 176-191 as a treatment for both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.

2. Fat Burning And Weight Loss

Fragment 176-191 has earned the nickname of “lipolytic fragment” because testing in mice has revealed the peptide to have substantial fat burning and weight loss properties. It is thought that this action is mediated through an increase in production of beta-3 adrenergic receptors (β3-AR or ADRB3). Agonist action at ADRB3 is known to directly increase fat burning in adipose tissue and is also responsible for thermogenesis in skeletal muscle. Mice that have been genetically modified to produce no ADRB3 do not respond to the lipolytic effects of hGH or fragment 176-191.

Studies show that the increased fat burning associated with fragment 176-191 directly correlates with energy expenditure and thus weight reduction, leading to a nearly 50% reduction in weight gain in obese animals over a three-week course[4]. Interestingly, the weight loss effects were seen only in obese mice, with lean mice maintaining normal body weight, on average, even when exposed to fragment 176-191[2]. These findings indicate that there are secondary regulatory pathways for lipolysis that override ADRB3 function when body weight is at or near ideal, opening up areas for additional research into energy homeostasis.

Body weight in genetically obese mice after two weeks of treatment with a single daily dose of fragment 176-191

Effect of saline (control), fragment 176-191, and hGH on white adipose tissue mass in obese mice over 14 days

3. Promotes Cartilage Regeneration

Though fragment 176-191 is primarily of interest for its lipolytic properties, the peptide is under investigation for other possible benefits. Of note, a 2015 article out of Korea revealed that fragment 176-191 may be able to potentiate the effects of hyaluronic acid injections in promoting cartilage regeneration. Studies in rabbits indicated that weekly injections of fragment 176-191 increase laboratory measures of cartilage growth and that co-administration of the peptide with hyaluronic acid (HA) produces even more substantial effects. Similarly, the study found that fragment 176-191, both alone and in combination with HA, reduces disability associated with osteoarthritis. There is hope that this may lead to advanced therapies for osteoarthritis and may even eliminate the need for surgery in certain settings.

Fragment 176-191 Safety Studies

There is some concern that the use of hGH or its derivatives for weight control may have unwanted side effects. This concern arises from the fact that studies of hGH have shown that long-term exogenous administration, while increasing lean body mass and decreasing adipose tissue, can also cause:

In 2013, a study published in the Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism evaluated six studies of fragment 176-191 to assess the rate and significance of negative effects associated with the peptide. The study, included only research that followed the randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled model of a phase IIb clinical trial in order to keep the highest possible standards of evidence. It found that IV and oral administration of Fragment 176-191, when compared to placebo, led to no changes in:

The results of this meta-analysis suggest that fragment 176-191 offers many of the benefits of hGH without the associated negative (and often serious) side effects. These findings further the argument for pursuing regulatory approval for use of fragment 176-191 in the clinical setting, but also offer insight into the regulation of human growth, fat deposition, and energy homeostasis. These findings make it clear that it is possible to target fat loss without affecting energy homeostasis in other nutrient pathways, opening the door for a deeper exploration of human energy regulation and methods of manipulating it.

It is worth noting that while hGH has anabolic effects on muscle, fragment 176-191 was specifically selected for its ability to avoid anabolism entirely. This is critical to ensuring that the peptide has targeted lipolytic effects and does not produce acromegaly or any of the other conditions associated with hGH administration. Studies in mice reveal that fragment 176-191 does not increase cell proliferation.

Fragment 176-191 Future Research

The primary area of research for fragment 176-191 is in weight loss and lipolysis where significant effort is being expended to learn how the peptide can be used to understand fat metabolism and energy homeostasis. The most active secondary area of research is in connective tissue regeneration, particularly cartilage repair.

Article Author

The above literature was researched, edited and organized by Dr. Logan, M.D. Dr. Logan holds a doctorate degree from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and a B.S. in molecular biology.

Frank NG, M.D. is being referenced as one of the leading scientists involved in the research and development of Fragment 176-191. In no way is this doctor/scientist endorsing or advocating the purchase, sale, or use of this product for any reason. There is no affiliation or relationship, implied or otherwise, between peptide Review hub and this doctor. The purpose of citing the doctor is to acknowledge, recognize, and credit the exhaustive research and development efforts conducted by the scientists studying this peptide. Frank NG, M.D. is listed in and under the referenced citations.

hGH Fragment 176-191 (also known as Fragment 176-191 or the "Lipolytic Fragment") is a synthetic peptide derived from the terminal region of human growth hormone (hGH). Researchers have investigated Fragment 176-191 extensively for its potential role in fat metabolism, energy regulation, weight-management research, glucose metabolism, and connective-tissue biology.

Unlike full-length human growth hormone, Fragment 176-191 was specifically developed to isolate certain metabolic pathways while avoiding many of the growth-promoting properties associated with its parent hormone.

This hGH Fragment 176-191 Vendor Price Comparison Guide helps researchers evaluate suppliers using objective criteria including:

• Product Pricing

• Cost Per Milligram

• Product Purity

• Third-Party Testing

• Certificate of Analysis (COA)

• Vendor Reputation

• Customer Reviews

• Shipping Performance

• Product Availability

• Overall Value

Whether you're searching for the most affordable Fragment 176-191 supplier, vendors with extensive laboratory testing, or the highest-purity research products, this guide provides a framework for comparing peptide vendors.

Explore hGH Fragment 176-191 Vendors by Criteria

Most Popular hGH Fragment Vendors

Compare suppliers frequently selected by metabolism and weight-regulation researchers.

Highest Reviewed hGH Fragment Vendors

Discover peptide suppliers with strong customer satisfaction and positive marketplace reputations.

Lowest Price hGH Fragment Vendors

Identify suppliers offering competitive pricing and attractive cost-per-milligram value.

Highest Purity hGH Fragment Vendors

Review suppliers providing transparent purity verification and analytical testing.

Best Value hGH Fragment Vendors

Compare testing standards, product quality, pricing, and customer support.

Fastest Shipping hGH Fragment Vendors

Evaluate packaging quality, shipping reliability, and order-fulfillment performance.

Newly Listed hGH Fragment Vendors

Explore recently launched suppliers offering Fragment 176-191 research products.

What Is hGH Fragment 176-191?

Overview

Fragment 176-191 is a synthetic peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human growth hormone.

Researchers investigate Fragment 176-191 because of its potential relationship with:

• Fat metabolism

• Lipolysis

• Energy expenditure

• Glucose regulation

• Obesity research

• Adipose tissue biology

• Weight-management pathways

• Cartilage regeneration

The peptide has gained considerable attention because it appears to maintain certain metabolic characteristics of human growth hormone while lacking many of its anabolic properties.

Molecular Characteristics

Peptide Information

Researchers evaluating Fragment 176-191 products should carefully review all product specifications and quality documentation.

Peptide Name

hGH Fragment 176-191

Alternative Names

• Fragment 176-191

• HGH Frag 176-191

• Lipolytic Fragment

• Modified AOD9604 Variant

Amino Acid Sequence

Tyr-Leu-Arg-Ile-Val-Gln-Cys-Arg-Ser-Val-Glu-Gly-Ser-Cys-Gly-Phe

Molecular Formula

C78H125N23O23S2

Molecular Weight

1817.12 g/mol

CAS Number

66004-57-7

Classification

Synthetic Growth Hormone Fragment

Research Category

Metabolism & Lipolysis Research

Why Researchers Compare hGH Fragment Vendors

Research reproducibility depends heavily on peptide quality and manufacturing consistency.

Differences among vendors may include:

• Purity levels

• Batch consistency

• Manufacturing standards

• Stability testing

• Product documentation

• Storage requirements

• Shipping procedures

• Quality-control systems

A thorough evaluation process helps researchers identify suppliers capable of meeting stringent laboratory standards.

How We Compare hGH Fragment Vendors

Third-Party Laboratory Testing

Independent laboratory testing remains one of the strongest indicators of product quality.

Researchers should prioritize vendors providing:

• Third-party testing

• Identity verification

• Purity analysis

• Batch-specific reports

Certificate of Analysis (COA)

A quality COA should include:

• Batch number

• Testing date

• Purity percentage

• Identity verification

• Analytical methods used

Product Purity

Purity remains one of the most important variables when evaluating research peptides.

Higher-purity products may contribute to greater consistency and reproducibility in laboratory studies.

Cost Per Milligram

Comparing only product prices can be misleading.

Cost Per Milligram Formula

Product Price ÷ Total Milligrams = Cost Per Milligram

This provides a more accurate comparison between suppliers.

Customer Reviews

Customer experiences may provide valuable insight regarding:

• Product consistency

• Packaging quality

• Shipping reliability

• Customer support

• Overall purchasing experience

Vendor Reputation

Established suppliers often demonstrate:

• Reliable quality-control procedures

• Transparent testing programs

• Strong customer satisfaction

• Consistent inventory availability

Current Research & Evidence

Fat-Metabolism Research

The primary focus of Fragment 176-191 research involves fat metabolism.

Researchers continue investigating relationships involving:

• Lipolysis

• Fat oxidation

• Adipose-tissue regulation

• Energy expenditure

• Weight-management pathways

This remains the most active area of Fragment 176-191 research.

Energy-Expenditure Research

Studies have examined how Fragment 176-191 may influence:

• Metabolic activity

• Energy utilization

• Fat-burning mechanisms

• Thermogenic pathways

Researchers continue exploring these biological processes.

Adipose-Tissue Research

Experimental investigations suggest Fragment 176-191 may influence pathways associated with:

• White adipose tissue

• Fat-cell metabolism

• Lipid mobilization

• Weight-gain regulation

This remains a major area of scientific interest.

Key Findings on Fragment 176-191 Research

Lipolysis Research

Fragment 176-191 is frequently referred to as the "lipolytic fragment" because of its reported relationship with fat-metabolism pathways.

Researchers continue studying:

• Fat mobilization

• Lipid oxidation

• Energy balance

• Adipose-tissue biology

β3-Adrenergic Receptor Research

Research suggests Fragment 176-191 may interact with pathways involving:

• β3-adrenergic receptors

• Thermogenesis

• Energy utilization

• Metabolic regulation

Additional studies remain ongoing.

Glucose-Regulation Research

Scientists have investigated Fragment 176-191 in studies involving:

• Blood-glucose regulation

• Insulin signaling

• Metabolic homeostasis

• Energy metabolism

Researchers continue evaluating these mechanisms.

Obesity Research

The peptide has attracted significant interest in laboratory models involving:

• Weight gain

• Obesity mechanisms

• Fat accumulation

• Metabolic adaptation

This remains one of the largest areas of Fragment 176-191 research.

Cartilage-Regeneration Research

Apart from metabolism, researchers have investigated Fragment 176-191 in studies involving:

• Cartilage repair

• Joint biology

• Connective-tissue regeneration

• Osteoarthritis-related pathways

This represents one of the peptide's most promising secondary research areas.

Hyaluronic Acid Combination Research

Scientists have explored whether Fragment 176-191 may interact with pathways associated with:

• Cartilage regeneration

• Joint-tissue remodeling

• Connective-tissue maintenance

• Structural tissue repair

Further studies continue in this field.

Research Limitations

Most findings involving Fragment 176-191 originate from:

• Laboratory investigations

• Animal studies

• Cell-culture experiments

• Early-stage metabolic research

Additional research is required to fully characterize the peptide's biological mechanisms and long-term effects.

Research findings should not be interpreted as evidence of approved therapeutic applications.

Product Quality & Analytical Testing

Why Testing Matters

Research-grade hGH Fragment 176-191 products should undergo testing to verify:

• Identity

• Purity

• Stability

• Potency

• Batch consistency

Common Testing Methods

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

Used to measure peptide purity and identify impurities.

Mass Spectrometry (MS)

Used to verify molecular identity and expected molecular weight.

Identity Verification Testing

Confirms peptide authenticity.

Stability Testing

Measures peptide integrity under storage conditions.

Batch Consistency Testing

Evaluates manufacturing reproducibility.

Understanding hGH Fragment Pricing

Several factors influence pricing among suppliers.

Product Purity

Higher-purity products often command premium pricing.

Analytical Verification

Extensive testing programs improve transparency while increasing production costs.

Manufacturing Standards

Strict quality-control practices can significantly affect pricing.

Specialized Demand

Fragment 176-191 remains a niche peptide with specialized research applications.

Vendor Reputation

Trusted suppliers often charge higher prices due to stronger quality-assurance systems.

hGH Fragment Vendor Evaluation Checklist

Quality Verification

✅ Third-party testing available

✅ Certificate of Analysis provided

✅ Identity verification documented

✅ Purity information disclosed

✅ Batch-specific testing available

Vendor Reliability

✅ Positive customer reviews

✅ Transparent company information

✅ Responsive customer support

✅ Reliable inventory availability

Purchasing Experience

✅ Secure checkout process

✅ Shipment tracking available

✅ Clear refund policies

✅ Reliable order fulfillment

Red Flags When Comparing Vendors

Testing Concerns

❌ No third-party testing

❌ Missing COAs

❌ Unverified purity claims

❌ Outdated laboratory reports

Transparency Issues

❌ Hidden product specifications

❌ Missing batch information

❌ Limited testing documentation

❌ No company contact information

Service Problems

❌ Frequent stock shortages

❌ Poor communication

❌ Negative customer reviews

❌ Unclear shipping policies

How to Choose the Best hGH Fragment Vendor

Prioritize Laboratory Transparency

Select suppliers providing third-party testing and batch-specific Certificates of Analysis.

Compare Overall Value

Balance product pricing with purity, testing standards, documentation quality, and customer support.

Verify Product Identity

Confirm the peptide sequence and analytical reports before purchasing.

Review Vendor Reputation

Established peptide companies often provide greater consistency and stronger quality assurance.

Match Products to Research Objectives

Choose suppliers whose quality standards align with laboratory and experimental requirements.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is hGH Fragment 176-191?

hGH Fragment 176-191 is a synthetic peptide derived from the terminal region of human growth hormone that is primarily studied for its role in fat metabolism and energy regulation.

What is Fragment 176-191 used for in research?

Researchers investigate Fragment 176-191 in studies involving lipolysis, adipose-tissue biology, metabolic regulation, obesity research, blood-glucose pathways, and cartilage regeneration.

Why compare Fragment 176-191 vendors?

Purity, testing standards, documentation quality, pricing, and supplier reliability can vary significantly between vendors.

What should researchers evaluate before purchasing?

Researchers should review:

• Certificate of Analysis (COA)

• Purity testing

• Third-party verification

• Identity confirmation

• Vendor reputation

• Customer reviews

Why is third-party testing important?

Independent testing helps verify product identity, purity, and consistency while improving transparency.

Is the cheapest supplier always the best option?

No. Product quality, testing standards, documentation, and vendor reliability are often more important than price alone.

How often should vendor comparisons be updated?

Pricing, inventory availability, supplier policies, and laboratory reports may change frequently and should be reviewed regularly.

Final Thoughts

hGH Fragment 176-191 remains one of the most studied metabolic research peptides because of its reported relationship with lipolysis, adipose-tissue biology, energy expenditure, glucose regulation, and weight-management pathways. Ongoing studies continue to investigate its potential role in metabolic science while also exploring promising applications in cartilage and connective-tissue research.

When comparing hGH Fragment 176-191 vendors, researchers should prioritize purity verification, third-party testing, COA availability, supplier reputation, and overall value rather than focusing solely on cost. A structured vendor-comparison process can help identify suppliers capable of meeting rigorous research-quality standards.